The Dean family 19th Century Artisans

The Dane family, with deep roots in Norfolk for generations, established a longstanding presence in the region. Their history was intertwined with the rich tapestry of Norfolk’s past. Over time, the spelling of the surname Dane evolved to Deane and Dean. This change was likely due to prevalent illiteracy at the time, a challenge that often led to names being transcribed phonetically. Variations in the spelling of names could also be attributed to regional accents.

Daniel Dane was the eldest son and the second child of seven children. He was born in 1820 in Norfolk to Daniel Dane (1790-1865) and Emily, née Watling (1795-1880). Daniel and Emily were married in 1817 at St. Helen’s Church in Norwich.(1)

Daniel Dane Snr. was part of Norwich’s rich history as a silk weaver. It is most likely that he was one of over 3,000 handloom weavers who operated from their homes. As time went on, he probably secured employment at one of the many thriving silk mills in Norwich during the early 1800s. His occupation was not only a livelihood but also served as a symbol of the city’s eminence. This was a testament to the skill and craftsmanship of the weavers in Norwich, with Queen Victoria’s choice of Norwich-crafted silk shawls further attesting to the exceptional quality of their work.(2)

In the 1841 census, it was recorded that Daniel and Emily lived at Hall Lane in Lakenham, Norwich, a location known for its prominent mills. They lived with five of their children, including Daniel Jnr., who was an apprentice bookbinder. The census also records a significant change: the family name was now Dean, not Dane. By 1851, Daniel Dean Snr and Emily had moved to Trafalgar Street, Lakenham, Norwich. Living with them was their 18-year-old son William, who worked as a shoemaker.

At the age of 71, Daniel Dean Snr continued to work as a silk weaver while living on Lower Westwick Street in Norwich. His unwavering commitment to his craft was a testament to the resilience of the working class in the 19th century. Daniel chose to continue to work in an era where many elderly individuals either worked until they passed away, relied on their families (children) for support, or sought refuge in workhouses.

Daniel passed away in 1865 and was laid to rest on 30th April at St. Mark’s Churchyard, Lakenham, Norwich. Emily continued to live on Lower Westwick Street. Emily outlived Daniel by 15 years and passed away at her daughter’s home on 10th April 1880, at the age of 87. She was laid to rest on 17th April at St Mark’s Churchyard, Lakenham, Norwich.(3)

Daniel Dean Jr. is apprenticed to a bookbinder
At the age of 14, Daniel began his apprenticeship with George Mark Coote, a skilled craftsman proficient in bookbinding, engraving, and printing. George M. Coote’s workshop, located on Hay Hill, a historical marketplace in Norwich, provided the perfect setting for Daniel to refine his craft. This apprenticeship was a turning point in his career, setting him on a path to master traditional crafts.

The marriage of Daniel Dean to Jemima Housego
On 17th February 1845, Daniel married Jemima at St. John’s with All Saints Church, Old Lakenham, Norwich.(4) Jemima, born in 1825, was one of nine children born to Henry Housego and Jemima (née Taylor).

Henry Housego and Jemima (née Taylor)
Henry Housego, born in 1795 in Stoven, Suffolk, married Jemima Taylor on 18th June 1815, at St. Helen’s Church in Norwich, Norfolk. Jemima was born on 4th December 1798, and was one of the 11 children born to James Taylor, a weaver (1759-1817), and Winifred (née Murrell) (1766-1852)

Henry Housego, the Baker and Artist
The baptism record of their eldest son, Henry, on 12th May 1816, at St. Peter’s Church, Mancroft, Norwich, indicates Henry Snr’s occupation as a baker. However, in addition to his baking skills, Henry’s exceptional talent as a portrait artist was also widely acknowledged, adding a unique and fulfilling dimension to his life. Despite the security of his job as a baker, Henry made the brave decision to leave it behind in order to pursue his passion for painting on a full-time basis.

His artistic prowess is still celebrated today, with one of his most renowned works, a portrait of the Reverend Francis Howes (1776-1844), proudly displayed in the esteemed collections of the Norfolk Museums and Archaeology Service.

Henry passed away on 11th August 1858, at the age of 63. After Henry’s death, Jemima relocated to Rose Lane, Norfolk, where she worked as a boarding house manager. She lived with her 21-year-old son Charles, who was unemployed.

On 19th August 1870, Jemima passed away at the age of 75. Her final resting place is in the same grave as Henry at Rosary Cemetery, located on Rosary Road in Norwich. Jemima took the initiative to commission a gravestone for Henry. The gravestone is embellished with a painter’s palette and brushes, serving as a meaningful tribute to Henry’s passion for painting.(5)

Daniel Dean establishes his own bookbinding business
In February 1849, after gaining valuable experience working for George M. Coote, Daniel decided to start his own bookbinding business in his workshop in Norwich.(6)

Daniel Dean and his family move to Bedford
In 1851, Daniel closed his business in Norwich and established his bookbinding business in Bedford.

Daniel, Jemima, and their three daughters initially lived on Pilcroft Street before moving to Cauldwell Street in Bedford. The Bedford Borough Election Poll, published on 27th March 1857, indicated that Daniel owned a stationery and bookbinding business at 8 St. John’s Street, Bedford. The family also lived in rooms above the business.

In the 3rd April 1858 edition of The Bedfordshire Times, Daniel advertised his expertise in bookbinding. He offered his services in binding books with high-quality materials such as Russia, Morocco, vellum, velvet, silk, and calf. Daniel played a key role in securing contracts to bind for public libraries and institutions, ensuring that their important materials were properly preserved.

In the 11th June 1864 edition of the Bedfordshire Mercury, Daniel published an advertisement promoting his professional bookbinding services for various literary works. This included the binding of esteemed texts such as the Bible and Bunyan’s “Pilgrim’s Progress,” which had been published by Cassell. The advertisement likely sought to emphasise Daniel’s adeptness and the superior craftsmanship he offered, catering to individuals desiring to safeguard and uphold their treasured literary pieces.

On 2nd April 1866, Daniel was entrusted with the role of overseer for St. Mary’s parish, Bedford, by the Borough Petty Sessions. As an overseer, Daniel was responsible for collecting a poor rate from householders and allocating funds to support the parish poor. The 1869 Kelly’s Directory lists Daniel as a bookseller, bookbinder, and stationer at 17 St. Mary’s Street, Bedford.(7)

After achieving significant success in his business endeavours, Daniel invested his money in properties. He acquired multiple properties in the Bedford area, including a house on St. Mary’s Street and four picturesque cottages located at 1, 2, 3, and 4 Parish Court in St. Mary’s, Bedford. In November 1870, Daniel sold these properties. The auction was overseen by Stafford and Son, a reputable local auctioneering firm in St. Mary’s, Bedford.(8)

In the 1871 census, it is documented that Daniel, a highly skilled bookbinder, had moved to 51 High Street in Bedford. Notably, the Ludington Passage, which facilitates pedestrian access into Ram Yard, is situated to the south of the property. Daniel was an employer of one man and four apprentices. He lived with his wife Jemima, along with their daughters Jemima, Emily, and Harriet, as well as their sons William and Frederick.

Daniel later made his son, William, a partner, and the firm became known as Dean and Son. After years of running the bookbinding business on High Street in Bedford, Daniel and William sold the business to a 24-year-old master bookbinder, Walter Daniels. He took over the reins and continued the business at 6 Mill Street in Bedford, where he carried on its operations, keeping the tradition alive.

By 1878, Daniel had moved to Nottingham with his wife Jemima and their daughters Emily, Helen, and Harriet, who worked as a milliner.(9) Daniel was employed as a bookbinder. By 1886, the family had moved to The Drive, Great Yarmouth.(10)

In 1891, Daniel returned to Bedford, leaving Jemima and his daughter Harriet in Yarmouth. (11)

Daniel took on a managerial position at Walter Daniels’ bookbinding business located at 6 Mill Street. His role involved overseeing the bookbinding department and supervising various aspects of the production process.11 He lived in lodgings at 21 Howard Street, Bedford. At the same time, Jemima and Harriet lived in a small rented house at 39 Regent Road in Great Yarmouth. Jemima worked as a lodging housekeeper, looking after the residence, while Adelaide was without a job.

Jemima eventually returned to Bedford, while Harriet remained in Great Yarmouth. Jemima lived on Gadsby Street until she passed away on 3rd May 1892, at the age of 69. She was laid to rest at Foster Hill Road Cemetery in Section F2-17, and her memorial stone is located in Section F3-220.

The epitaph inscribed on Jemima’s memorial stone is:
IN AFFECTIONATE REMEMBRANCE
OF
JEMIMA,
THE BELOVED WIFE OF DANIEL DEAN,
WHO DIED AT BEDFORD
MAY 3rd 1892
AGE 69 YEARS.
“HER END WAS PEACE”
COME TO ME, YE WEARY, AND I WILL GIVE YOU REST.

After Jemima passed away, Daniel relocated to Yarmouth. In 1901, he resided at 13 Olive Road in Gorleston, Yarmouth, and worked as a bookbinder. Later, he moved to Shortmead Street, Biggleswade, with his daughter, Kate. He passed away at the age of 90 on 10th September 1909, in Biggleswade. His final resting place is at Drove Road Cemetery in Biggleswade in Section 3, Plot 866.

Daniel and Jemima’s eight children
On 5th September 1852, at St. Mary’s Church in Bedford, Jemima, Catherine Emily, Ellen Adelaide, and William Henry were christened with the last name “Deane.” The surnames of their four youngest children were all Dean.

Jemima Deane, the eldest child, was born on 18th December 1845 in Norwich. After completing her education, Jemima was employed by her father in his bookbinding business. It was typical in that era for daughters to assist their parents in the family business.

Jemima, one of the candidates, was unfortunately not granted her marriage portion from the Harpur Charity despite her applications submitted in both April and July of 1872. It is uncertain whether she received her marriage portion on the day she married William Douglas Baker, a solicitor’s clerk, at St. Andrews Church in Biggleswade on 25th August 1872. At the time of her marriage, she lived with her mother in Biggleswade, while her father lived on the High Street in Bedford.
William Baker was born in Suffolk in 1849. He was one of the five children of William and Penelope Baker. He lived with his family at 19 Battison Street, Bedford.
Following their wedding, they settled at 7 Kent Villas, Alexandra Road, Bedford. According to the 1881 census, William was employed as a solicitor’s managing clerk, and he and Jemima lived with their three children: Penelope Maude (born in 1873), Annie Louise (born in 1875), and Blanche Newbould (born in 1880).

After retiring in 1911, William and Jemima lived at Kings Road, Flitwick, Bedfordshire. They later moved in with their daughter Blanche in the small village of Greenfield, located about one mile from Flitwick. They both passed away in Greenfield. Jemima passed away on December 20, 1929, and William on August 10, 1937. Both of their funerals were held at Flitwick.

Catherine (Kate) Emily Deane, their second child, was born on 21st November 1847, in Norwich. She married William Scantlebury on March 2, 1867, at Trinity Church, Gray’s Inn Road, Middlesex.(12) William was born in 1844 in Tavistock, Devon.

Kate may have met William while he was living on Britannia Road in Bedford. In January 1867, William was given a certificate of honourable mention for his exceptional contributions at the Metropolitan and Provincial Working Classes Industrial Exhibition held at Exeter Hall in London. William displayed his exceptional skills as a model maker by intricately designing a remarkable steam engine model. (13)

After getting married, they made their home in Bedford. Their first child, Emily Jane, was born in Bedford in 1868. Later, they moved to St. Pancras, where their daughter Catherine Adelaide was born in 1869. The 1871 census records showed Kate, William, and their two daughters living at Well Street in St. Pancras, London. In the records, Kate was listed as Emily, and William was noted to be working for an optician. In 1883, Kate and William divorced.

In 1891, Kate lived in Biggleswade, Bedfordshire, and worked as a live-in housekeeper for Frank Page, the owner of the Biggleswade Clothing Store at Shortmead Street. During that time, divorce was not widely accepted, so Kate presented herself as married, likely due to the social stigma associated with divorce during that era. Meanwhile, Kate’s daughter, Emily Scantlebury, lived with her grandmother, Jemima Dean, at 39 Regent Road, Great Yarmouth, Norfolk, and worked as a barmaid.

Kate independently supported herself financially through private sources, residing on Shortmead Street until her passing at the age of 63 on 1st December 1911, following a brief illness. She was buried on 4th December near her father, Daniel, at Drove Road Cemetery in Biggleswade, in Section 3, Plot 869.

Ellen Adelaide Deane, the third child of the family, was born in Norwich on December 24, 1849. Sadly, at the age of three, on 27th August 1853, she passed away from a convulsion. She was laid to rest on 31stAugust 1853, in St. Mary’s Churchyard, Bedford.

William Henry Deane, their fourth child and eldest son, was born in Bedford on March 6 1853. On 31st December 1867, William received his apprentice fee from the Bedford-Harpur Charity. In the 1871 census records, William is documented as being a printer’s apprentice.

Following the sale of his and his father’s bookbinding business, William emigrated to New York, USA. He started his career as a salesman before he became a stationer.

In 1886, he returned to England and married Rose Ellen Botting at St. Paul’s Church in Ball’s Pond Road, Islington, London. Rose was born in 1852 in Camberwell, London. She was the youngest of the three daughters of Eliza and John Botting, a fishmonger. The Botting family lived at 5 Ockendon Road, Hackney, London.

After getting married, they went back to New York. Their only child, Rose Ellen, was born in New York on 12th August 1888. Records indicate that William visited England twice with Rose and their daughter, in 1905 and 1910. He sailed from Liverpool to New York aboard the ill-fated British ocean liner RMS Lusitania.

On May 7, 1915, a German Navy U-boat torpedo hit the RMS Lusitania 11 nautical miles off the Old Head of Kinsale, Ireland, during its voyage across the Atlantic. The ship sank quickly, causing a significant loss of life and demonstrating the devastating impact of submarine warfare during the war.

Henry passed away on 27th December 1915, at 5000 Broadway Street, Manhattan, New York City, and was laid to rest at Kensico Cemetery in Valhalla, New York. Rose Ellen Dean passed away on 22nd April 1923, in Manhattan, New York City.

Daniel Watley Dean was born on 4th February 1855, in Bedford. He was christened at St. Mary’s Church in Bedford on 1st March 1857, along with his younger brother, Frederick Lenny Dean. The christening record indicates that Daniel’s middle name was recorded as “Wortley” rather than “Watley,” as stated on his death certificate.

On 10th October 1869, 14-year-old Daniel died from typhoid and pneumonia while his older brother, William, was by his side.

During the 19th century, typhoid fever was rampant among people of all socio-economic backgrounds, primarily due to the consumption of contaminated food and water. This dire situation prompted the Corporation to take action in Bedford by implementing a comprehensive infrastructure of drains and sewers to improve public health and hygiene significantly.

At the time of his death, Daniel was serving with the 1st (Bedford) Rifle Volunteer Corps. On the day of his funeral, many of his fellow corps members, along with some from the 9th (Bedford) Corps, gathered at the Swan Hotel. They were under the command of Captain Jackson and Lieutenant Green. The firing party, consisting of members from both corps, was led by Captain Toseland, who is the adjutant of the Beds Militia Regiment. This demonstrates the deep respect and honour they had for their fallen comrade.

At 2:30 in the afternoon, the military escort, the band, and the corps members assembled at the Dean’s residence on the High Street in a disciplined procession for the funeral. The band performed the solemn and emotive “Dead March from Handel’s Saul,” fostering a respectful and poignant ambience for the farewell.

The day of the funeral in Bedford was also the day of the “October Fair.” Many people joined the funeral procession and expressed collective grief as they made their way to the cemetery gate. Volunteers overcame logistical challenges, with women gracefully navigating through the crowd to secure a good view. Instead of walking in separate lines, the volunteers walked together, showing unity and strength in the face of loss.

Upon reaching the cemetery entrance, a large crowd of a few thousand people had gathered. Volunteers efficiently managed the gathering as the deceased’s remains were respectfully escorted inside.

The bearers carried the coffin, covered in dark cloth and decorated with Daniel’s cap, into the chapel for the service. This meaningful act showed the deep respect and admiration for Daniel, whose young life was tragically cut short.

Captain Toseland made sure there was an escort at the side door on the east of the Chapel for the procession to the grave site. At the same time, members of the local police worked hard to clear the way for the procession. At the grave, the final part of the burial service took place, and the firing party honoured the deceased by firing three volleys over the grave. The procession and the volunteers then marched back to the Swan Hotel in an orderly way.(14) Grave ref F3-214

Frederick Lenny Dean, the sixth child and third son in the family was born in 1857 in Bedford. Despite being part of a large family, he stood out due to his ambition and determination. On leaving school, Frederick decided to pursue a career as a hairdresser. This decision was not just a random choice; it was a clear reflection of Frederick’s interest in the art of grooming and styling. However, Frederick encountered a historical differentiation between barbers and hairdressers, which was closely linked to the gender-specific focus of their clientele.

Traditionally, barber shops primarily served men, focusing on traditional men’s grooming needs, such as haircuts and shaving services. On the other hand, certain hairdressers were able to accommodate both men and women, signifying a progressive shift within the industry. This transition in the hairdressing industry not only broadened opportunities for women to work as hairdressers but also enabled them to offer a wider range of services to both male and female clients, contributing to a more inclusive and diverse professional landscape. This shift was an important step towards gender equality in the professional world, allowing hairdressers to serve and connect with a wider range of clientele.

Frederick married Emily Perrin on 29th August 1876, at Waltham Abbey Church. Emily, born in 1852 in Harlow, Essex, was the daughter of Thomas Perrin, a coachman, and his wife, Hannah. The family lived in Waltham Cross, Hertfordshire.(15)

Before they were married, Frederick lived on Mill Street in Bedford while Emily worked as an assistant draper at “Waterloo House” at 46 High Street in Bedford. She lived in rooms above the store with a dozen other employees. In 1951, the department store E.P. Rose took over ownership of 46 High Street.

After their marriage, Frederick and Emily relocated to Norfolk. According to the 1881 census, Frederick was working as a Master hairdresser, while Emily pursued her career as a milliner. They were living at 51 Blackfriars Road in Great Yarmouth.

Their daughter Helen Adelaide was born on 25th November 1884, in Great Yarmouth. She was christened at the Parish Church in Great Yarmouth on 12th March 1902.(16)

As of 1891, Emily also ventured into the field of hairdressing and with their combined efforts, they became self-employed. In the 1901 census, it is documented that Emily, Frederick, and their 16-year-old daughter, Helen Adelaide, who worked as a hairdresser, moved to 10 Bridge Street, Gorleston, Great Yarmouth. This address also served as the location for their newly established hairdressing business.

Frederick and Emily relocated from Norfolk, likely due to the outbreak of World War II. During this time, Norwich experienced the highest air raid casualties in Eastern England from 1940 to 1943.

Frederick and Emily lived to a great age. Frederick died at the age of 84 in 1941 in Aldershot, Hampshire. Emily passed away at the remarkable age of 93 in 1945 in Amersham, a historic market town in Buckinghamshire.

Emily Helen Dean, also known as Ellen, was the fourth daughter and seventh child. She was born in 1859 and was christened on May 6, 1860, at St. Mary’s Church in Bedford.

Upon moving to Nottingham with her parents, Emily married William Henry Jackson on 20th November 1878. William, born in 1846 in Biggleswade, was the son of Henry Jackson, a saddler rope maker, and Eliza. Both of his parents were born in Huntingdonshire. At the age of five, William lived with his parents and three siblings on Potton Road in Biggleswade. By the age of 15, he was working as a rope maker and living on Sun Street in Biggleswade.

After their marriage, William and Emily lived on Sun Street, Biggleswade. According to the 1891 census, they were recorded as living on Potton Road, Biggleswade. At that time, William worked as a rope manufacturer.

The 1898 Kelly’s Directory for Biggleswade lists William as a rope, twine and sack manufacturer. In 1899, William took over the business of Messrs. Day & Sons, who were saddlers and harness makers in Shortmead Street, Biggleswade.

William also owned and operated the ‘Rope Walk’, a distinctive building situated on St. John’s Street, Bedford, at the base of the railway bridge on the north side. The ‘Rope Walk’ was characterised by its long, low ridged tiled roof, extending over 200 feet in length and 10 feet in width. At one end of the building, there were hand-operated tools and equipment, including combs, used in the production of high-quality string and rope products.

William also provided ponies and traps for hire while making use of the adjacent paddock for grazing.(17)

William was an exceptionally talented artisan known for his remarkable speed and precision in his craft. His work was often described as a testament to his extraordinary skill and dedication.

William and Emily had a total of 10 children, including three daughters and seven sons.

Their son Douglas Fred Jackson (1889-1956) began working in his father’s business, taking care of the saddle-making aspect after finishing school.

In December 1917, William stood before the Biggleswade Urban District Tribunal to provide support for Douglas’s application for exemption from being conscripted to serve in the First World War. William informed the Tribunal that Douglas was the only family member currently living with him while his other sons were serving in France, and another son was working in a munitions factory. The tribunal ruled that Douglas, being associated with the Volunteers, could postpone his service until 1st June 1918.(18)

Four of William and Emily’s sons emigrated in search of a better future and improved prospects.

William George, born in 1879, emigrated to New Zealand before the First World War to pursue new opportunities. He enlisted in the New Zealand Expeditionary Force and served in France during the war.

Oscar, born in 1895, worked as an assistant market gardener before moving to Australia in 1911.

Edward Roland, born in 1898, was employed in a large store on Bond Street, London. In August 1922, he emigrated to South Africa to continue his trade.

Septimus Rupert, born in 1901, worked as a labourer before immigrating to Australia in April 1920.

A few months after his retirement, William Jackson passed away at the age of 78 in 1924. He was buried on 24th December 1924, in Drove Road Cemetery, Biggleswade, in Section 2 Plot 1732.

The property at 15 Shortmead Street, owned by William, was listed for sale and was showcased in the 11th July 1924 edition of the Biggleswade Chronicle. This spacious property contained five bedrooms, a sitting room, a dining room, a large kitchen and scullery, a bathroom, a pantry, a front shop, a sizable cellar, a spacious warehouse, a coach house, a loft, a stable, and a garden with outbuildings.

After William’s death, Emily relocated from Biggleswade to Hitchin to live with her son, Douglas, who had been living in Hitchin since 1920. There, he worked as a saddler and sports outfitter.

Emily passed away on 8th July 1930, at 14 Fishponds Road, Hitchin. She was laid to rest with Henry on 10th July at Drove Road Cemetery, Biggleswade, Section 2, Plot 1732.

Harriett Adelaide Dean, fifth daughter and eighth child, was born in Bedford in 1862 and christened on 3rd August, 1862, at St. Mary’s Church, Bedford. Harriet moved to Nottingham with her mother and father and later relocated to Norfolk.

In 1896, Harriet married William Greenacre. Marriage records confirm that she was married under the name Adelaide Dean. William was born in 1848 in Norfolk. He was one of eight children of William Greenacre, a shoemaker, and Mary Ann Flowerdew, a shoe binder. At the age of 14, William started working as a fisherman. In 1891, he took over as the publican of the Barking Fishery at 84 High Road, Southdown, Great Yarmouth, Norfolk.

They had four children, but sadly, they all passed away in infancy. Adelaide passed away at the age of 49 on 11th February 1911, at 204 Southtown Road, Yarmouth.(19)

Researcher
Linda S Ayres

Sources
1. Daniel Dane and Emily Watling’s marriage in 1817 (Bishops Transcripts).
2. Silk Weaving in a Norwich article in the Downham Market Gazette, April 5, 1902.
3. Daniel and Emily’s Burials in 1865 and 1880 (Bishops Transcripts).
4. Daniel Dean and Jemima Housego’s marriage in 1845 (Banns of Marriage and The Norfolk News, March 1).
5. Henry and Jemima Housego’s gravestone (Archive for Public Sculpture in Norfolk and Suffolk).
6. Daniel Dean establishes his business (Norfolk Chronicle, March 10, 1849).
7. Daniel Dean’s role as an overseer (Bedfordshire Mercury, April 7, 1866).
8. Daniel Dean sells his properties (Bedfordshire Times and Independent, November 5, 1870, Page 4).
9. Daniel Dean relocates to Nottingham.
10. Daniel Dean moves to Great Yarmouth.
11. Daniel Dean returns to Bedford (Bedfordshire Times and Independent, January 24, 1891, Page 4).
12. Catherine Deane and William Scantlebury’s marriage (Bedford Mercury, March 9, 1867).
13. William’s skill as a model maker (Bedfordshire Times and Independent, January 22, 1867, Page 5).
14. Daniel Watley Dean mentioned (Bedfordshire Times and Independent, October 19, 1869).
15. Frederick Dean and Emily Perrin’s marriage (The Bedfordshire Mercury, September 7, 1876, Page 6).
16. Christening of Helen Adelaide Dean (Bishops Transcripts).
17. Rope Walk (Biggleswade Chronicle, November 22, 1974).
18. Douglas’ exemption from conscription (Biggleswade Chronicle, December 17, 1917).
19. Death of Adelaide Greenacre (The Yarmouth Mercury, February 1911, Page 5)

My thanks to Ali Gower of Biggleswade Town Council for successfully identifying the graves at Drove Road Cemetery, Biggleswade

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